Sonya is Raiden's absolute worst matchup, worse than fighting against Kabal (which I consider his only 2 legitimately bad matchups because both characters are broken as fuck). The teleport nerf essentially turned this into a bad matchup where it used to be completely even. It is essentially Raiden's equivalent of Kitana Vs Kenshi. As far as punishing dive kick with superman I usually just go for a quick throw since it eliminates the possibility of timing the superman too late and eating a full combo, or you can choose to F24, D4, B3 throw etc. However if you block a dive kick that isn't a safe IADK then you can full combo punish, assuming your reactions are quick enough. I consider this matchup bad because the Raiden player essentially has to stay 3 steps ahead of Sonya, where the Sonya player doesn't have to work nearly as hard.
Sonya's D4 is a big problem because it out ranges every one of Raiden's normals. One tactic is to space/dashblock in and out of D4 range to bait her into whiffing one and superman punishing. Overall most of the match you want to stay away from the bitch and make CALCULATED teleports, supermans, and projectiles, meaning when you read she is going to throw rings teleporting or en teleporting the split second of the ring startup or EN supermanning through it.
You also have to be mindful of her meter because of string gaps. Sonya can interrupt Raiden's strings with cartwheel HOWEVER, Raiden can teleport to escape the cartwheel. For example, 33 (En Cartwheel) 4 (cancel the 4 into tele or en shocker), and the same applies for B3(here)1(here)2, depending on where you read your opponent will attempt an interrupt.
Be mindful of sonya's advantage. Off of a 114 MS (F1 or any other followup) there is a small gap allowing you to teleport and escape her pressure/possibly whiff punish her. However off of her 321 string followed by MS you will be unable to teleport out of her pressure.
If sonya gets dive kick happy say afer a blocked 334 (attempting to punish a poke) you can backdash causing her to whiff it and full combo punish.
Overall I would say this matchup needs to be played very carefully and defensively, but at the same time very calculated. You have to really get inside your oppoenent's head to be successful.